Related Conditions and Treatments
Birth Defects and Congenital Anomalies
Condition
A birth defect is a health problem or a physical abnormality.
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Condition
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that affect muscle tone, posture, and movement as a result of damage to the brain of an infant.
Chiari Malformation
Condition
Chiari malformation is an abnormality in the back of the head where the brain and spinal cord meet.
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
Condition
Cleft lip is a visible separation in the skin of the top lip. Cleft palate is incomplete development of the soft and/or hard palate.
Congenital Scoliosis
Condition
Congenital scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that babies are born with.
Craniofacial Anomalies
Condition
Craniofacial anomalies are deformities that affect a child’s head and facial bones.
Down Syndrome
Condition
Down syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by developmental delays and learning disability.
Epilepsy in Children
Condition
Epilepsy is a complex condition that makes a child susceptible to seizures.
Fragile X Syndrome
Condition
Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition that can cause a range of learning and developmental problems.
Galactosemia
Condition
Galactosemia is a rare genetic metabolic disorder in which babies are born without the ability to convert milk sugars into glucose.
Genetic Disorders
Condition
Genetic disorders include certain types of birth defects, chronic diseases, developmental problems, and sensory deficits that are inherited from one or both parents.
Head or Brain Injury
Condition
Head injury is a broad term that describes many different types of conditions — ranging from bumps and bruises to concussions, skull fractures, and serious brain injuries.
Microcephaly
Condition
In microcephaly, the brain develops abnormally, causing the head to be much smaller than expected for the child's age.
Muscle Weakness (Hypotonia)
Condition
Hypotonia is decreased muscle tone.
Nervous System Disorders
Condition
Nervous system disorders can involve a range of conditions that may be chronic or may be triggered by secondary factors.
Neuromuscular Scoliosis
Condition
Neuromuscular scoliosis is one of three main types of scoliosis that cause an irregular curvature of the spine.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Condition
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by fragile bones that break easily without a specific cause.
Prematurity
Condition
A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature. Slightly fewer than 12 percent of all babies are premature.
Rett Syndrome
Condition
Rett syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes a loss of spoken language and motor skills, as well as behavioral and neurological problems.
Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
Condition
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by the premature fusion of certain skull bones, which prevents the skull from growing normally and affects the shape of the head and face.
Seizures in Children
Condition
Seizures happen when brain cells fire or “talk” too much, temporarily disrupting the brain’s normal electrical signals. They’re quite common, especially in infants and young children.
Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS)
Condition
Short bowel syndrome, or "short gut," is a condition caused by the loss of a functioning small intestine.
Spina Bifida
Condition
Spina bifida occurs when the brain, spinal cord, or the membranes that cover them (meninges) do not completely develop.
Spinal Cord Injury
Condition
A spinal cord injury is any damage to the spinal cord that is caused by trauma, rather than a birth defect or medical condition.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
Condition
Spinal muscular atrophy is when muscles throughout the body are weakened because nerve cells in the spinal cord and brainstem do not work properly.
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Condition
Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurological condition that is present at birth and is not hereditary.
Trisomies and Monosomies
Condition
A trisomy and a monosomy are types of numerical chromosome abnormalities that can cause certain birth defects.
Trisomy 18 and 13
Condition
Trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 are fatal genetic birth disorders.
Vision Problems
Condition
There are two types of eye disorders that can affect your child’s vision: refractive errors and non-refractive errors.